Beryllium metal was classified in europe collectively with beryllium compounds, e. Beryllium and beryllium alloys and composities kaczynski. The usage of unalloyed beryllium is based on its nuclear and thermal properties and its uniquely high specific stiffness, ie, elastic modulusdensity values. The usage of unalloyed beryllium is based on its nuclear and thermal properties, and its uniquely high specific stiffness, ie, elastic modulusdensity values. Alloy 390 combines both attributes, high strength and. Copperberyllium alloys are common in the electronics, automotive, defense, and aerospace industries. Albe alloys consist of physical and mechanical properties that exceed those of standard aluminum alloys in such areas as mechanical stability, dampening, thermal management and reduced weight. The possibilities of berylliumstrengthened ironbase alloys have been pursued to achieve a commercial lowdensity, highstrength alloy for ser vice to 1400f. Beryllium copper combines high strength with nonmagnetic and nonsparking qualities. Beryllium, be, is the only light metal having a high melting point.
It is a soft metal that is both strong and brittle its low density and high thermal conductivity make it useful for aerospace and military applications. It has high electrical conductivity, and is used in lowcurrent contacts for batteries and electrical connectors. Beryllium compounds are commercially mined, and the beryllium is purified for use in nuclear weapons and reactors, aircraft and space vehicle structures, instruments, xray machines, and mirrors. The major applications of beryllium are in automotive electronics, telecommunications, computers, aerospace. Beryllium is the fourth element on the periodic table. Cas number 7440417 synonyms beryllium 9, beryllium dust, beryllium metal, beryllium metallic, glucinum, glucinium. Beryllium containing alloys when combined with base metals like copper and nickel in small percentages typically 0. Beryllium copper is a nonferrous alloy used in springs, spring wire, load cells, and other parts that must retain their shape under repeated stress and strain. Material properties of highstrength berylliumfree copper alloys. Copper is a relatively soft and malleable metal with excellent formability, making it ideal for architectural applications such as roofs, wall cladding, gutters and downspouts. Molybdenum is a refractory metal that is very useful in many industrial. Albemet combines the high modulus and low density of beryllium with the strength, ductility and fabrication characteristic of aluminum. Beryllium in alloys contributes hardness, strength, and high electrical and thermal conductivity.
Apart from good results already observed in treated coppercobaltberyllium alloys used in spot welding, cryobest process has also enhanced the performance of electrodes made of coppertungsten alloy used in a welding operation for the. By far the most common is as an alloying element with copper or nickel, containing. A small amount of beryllium produces strong effects in several base metals. Beryllium alloyed with copper, aluminum, and other metals is used in the electronics, automotive. Material properties of highstrength berylliumfree copper alloys article pdf available in international journal of materials and product technology 502. In 1957, wohlers name beryllium was officially recognized by iupac ballance et al. New successful applications are turning up for alloys used in welding operations. In such applications, beryllium is most often alloyed with copper copperberyllium alloys and can be found in cable and highdefinition televisions, electrical contacts, and connectors in cell phones and computers, computer chip. Beryllium metal has excellent thermal conductivity, transparent to xray and is nonmagnetic. Pure beryllium and its metal alloys have applications in electrical components, tools, structural components for aircraft, missiles, and satellites, and other metal fabricating uses. The modulus of elasticity of beryllium is approximately 50% greater than that of steel. Pure beryllium and its metal alloys have applications in electrical components, tools, structural components for aircraft, missiles, and satellites, and other metalfabricating uses.
Because of these properties, beryllium is used in hightechnology consumer and commercial products, including aerospace components, transistors, nuclear. Our flagship beryllium alloy is a metal matrix composite of beryllium and aluminum. Beryllium copper introduction offers unique combinations of mechanical and electrical properties the berylco beryllium copper alloys are the most versatile of all copper alloys. Beryllium alloys article about beryllium alloys by the free. Beryllium copper becu, also known as copper beryllium cube, beryllium bronze and spring copper, is a copper alloy with 0. While other metals, including gold and copper, have been known to early civilizations, beryllium is a relative newcomer. It has excellent metalworking, forming and machining properties.
Further characterisation of exposures in beryllium metal production may be important to understanding how beryllium exposures confer high contemporary risk of beryllium disease. Ampco metal alloys without beryllium high resistance brass copper tungsten please ask us about your other copper alloy requirements alloy iso. It also is used as an acid catalyst in organic reactions. The small ratio of beryllium to copper creates a family of high copper alloys with strength as high as alloy steel. Safety and health topics beryllium occupational safety.
Beryllium is a hard, grayish metal naturally found in mineral rocks, coal, soil, and volcanic dust. A family of low density high elastic modulus aluminumberyllium alloys is under development in order to meet the requirements of advanced aerospace designs. In its elemental form, beryllium has a gray metallic appearance. In such applications, beryllium is most often alloyed with copper copper beryllium alloys and can be found in cable and highdefinition televisions, electrical contacts, and connectors in cell phones and computers, computer chip heat sinks, underwater fiber. Us2608753a us750359a us75035947a us2608753a us 2608753 a us2608753 a us 2608753a us 750359 a us750359 a us 750359a us 75035947 a us75035947 a us 75035947a us 2608753 a us2608753 a us 2608753a authority us united states prior art keywords beryllium metal copper solder gold prior art date 19470524 legal status the legal status is. Please call or email us now to get pricing on your scrap 310 9280168. Specific heat of copper beryllium rises with temperature.
Beryllium metal is used principally in aerospace and defense applications because of its stiffness, light weight, and dimensional stability over a wide temperature range. Additions of other elements to copper strengthen it and form copper alloys, including brasses, phosphor bronzes and copper nickels. Ibc advanced alloys manufacturers a range of berylliumcontained alloys and products. Alloys represent by far the biggest percentage of the 120 tonperyear market for beryllium containing materials. Sep 26, 2018 in the united states, consumer electronics and telecommunications applications account for nearly half of all beryllium consumption.
Approximately 20 tons per year of pure beryllium metal are used in very specific applications. Safety data sheet sds nonferrous alloys copper beryllium castings, extrusions, and forgings no. One of the highest strength copper based alloys available on the market today is beryllium copper, also known as spring copper or beryllium bronze. Is beryllium on the list of substances of very high concern svhc. The industrial use of beryllium alloys began in the 1950s. The effect of composition and process on the mechanical and physical properties of beryllium alloys assists the reader in material selection.
Pdf material properties of highstrength berylliumfree. A guide to galvanic corrosion of copper beryllium and. Therefore, the beryllium and other elements contained in the most. Beryllium ores are used to make speciality ceramics for electrical and hightechnology. Beryllium alloys offer high electrical conductivity. Cas number 7440417 synonyms beryllium9, beryllium dust, beryllium metal, beryllium metallic, glucinum, glucinium. It is extremely lightweight and hard, is a good conductor of electricity and heat, and is nonmagnetic. The three primary forms of beryllium produced are beryllium containing alloys, pure beryllium metal and beryllia ceramics, also known as beryllium oxide ceramic. Us2608753a us750359a us75035947a us2608753a us 2608753 a us2608753 a us 2608753a us 750359 a us750359 a us 750359a us 75035947 a us75035947 a us 75035947a us 2608753 a us2608753 a us 2608753a authority us united states prior art keywords beryllium metal copper solder gold prior art date 19470524 legal status the legal status is an assumption. This article designation includes copper beryllium cube, nickel beryllium nibe and aluminum beryllium albe alloys in the form of strip, rod, wire, tube, bar, plate, forgings, extrusions, cast shapes and finished parts.
For alloys 3, 10, 174, brush 60 and 390 it rises from 0. Beryllium copper alloys are used in a wide variety of. Beryllium metal is gray alkaline earth, which own great property of hardness and malleability. Protecting workers from exposure to beryllium and beryllium. For industrial purposes the solution heat treatment is done between 750 and 800c. Beryllium and beryllium compounds are important materials used in the aerospace, electronics, energy, telecommunication, medical, and defense industries. They combine a wide range of properties that make our alloys the ideal materials to meet the exacting requirements of many products demanding high specifications that. The commercial grades of beryllium copper contain 0. Beryllium chemistry and processing asm international. Coppers advantages as primary metal and recycled metal, for brazed. Berylliumnickel casting alloys ibc advanced alloys. About 12% of these are copper bars, 0% are copper scrap, and 11% are copper strips. Beryllium and its compounds should be handled with great care and special precautions must be taken when carrying out any activity which could result in the release of beryllium dust lung cancer is a possible result of prolonged exposure to beryllium laden dust.
Whereas the beryllium metal is an ideal choice for many applications in nuclear and space technology, its alloys with copper, aluminium, nickel, titanium, oxide. Alloying, casting, powder processing, forming, metal removal, joining and other manufacturing processes are covered. Copper beryllium alloys are common in the electronics, automotive, defense, and aerospace industries. However, beryllium is a highly toxic metal and workers who inhale beryllium are at an increased risk of developing chronic beryllium disease cbd or lung cancer. Copper beryllium castings, extrusions, forgings, and safety tools manufacturers name. Beryllium chloride is used primarily to manufacture beryllium metal by electrolysis in the laboratory. A family of low density high elastic modulus aluminum beryllium alloys is under development in order to meet the requirements of advanced aerospace designs.
Beryllium compounds of industrial interest are identified and discussed. The beryllium industry produces three primary forms of beryllium. It can withstand temperatures up to 700 f 375 c without losing spring properties, and will retain over 90% of its initial stress over 1,000. Monico alloys is one of the most trusted in the recycling industry. Industrial use of beryllium, such as machining metal parts, can lead to bes and cbd 1. In copper and nickel, this alloying element promotes strengthening. Beryllium fluoride and beryllium hydroxide are used commercially in the production of beryllium metal and be ryllium alloys, and beryllium fluoride is used in the manufacture of. This can occur in seawater, chemical processing, or in automotive fasteners and connectors exposed to road salt spray. The above values are nominal, if specific minimum figures are required, please contact your local ampco metal representative. In contrast to cumn20ni20, the lowalloyed precipitation hardened copper alloy cuni3si1mg exhibits excellent thermal and electrical conductivity while. A wide variety of alloy beryllium options are available to you, such as powder or not, shape, and type. Beryllium cancercausing substances national cancer.
The production of beryllium articles by means of plastic flow is difficult because beryllium has low plasticity owing to a hexagonal structure and the presence of impurities. Beryllium is also found as a trace metal in slags and fly ash. Beryllium be is one of the lightest of all metals and has one of the highest melting points of any light metal. The majority of commercially produced beryllium is used in alloys, principally copperberyllium alloys. Beryllium, beryllium alloys, and beryllium composities. Where it is desired to obtain highprecision parts, and to minimize inevitable distortion which occurs during the precipitation treatment process, underageing at comparatively low temperatures and for long periods should be employed. However, unlike the steel alloys, the beryllium nickel alloy system offers these properties with the additional benefit of superior thermal conductivity. These alloys are aluminum based with 10%75% beryllium and combine the high specific stiffness of beryllium with the ductility and ease of fabrication of aluminum. Does the registration, evaluation and authorization of chemicals or reach directive currently restrict the import or use of materion performance alloy products containing beryllium.
Beryllium metal is used in fusion reactors, nuclear devices, radar systems, and military infrared countermeasure devices. Berylliumcopper alloys are used in the electronics, automotive, defense, and aerospace industries. Safety data sheet sds nonferrous alloys ampco metal. It has exceptional stiffness youngs modulus 287 gpa and a melting point of 1287 c. Beryllium data sheet mineral commodity summaries 2020. Beryllium is a metal that is found in nature, especially in beryl and bertrandite rock. This alloy, which we sell beralcast, overcomes the limitations of pure beryllium and existing aluminum alloys while retaining the benefits of the two metals. Roc background document for beryllium and beryllium compounds means. This was done to assure the continued and unhindered use of these products by companies in the eea.
The chemical abstracts service cas names, registry numbers, and respective atomic or molecular formulas for pure beryllium or beryllium compounds are listed along with some alloys of beryllium iarc, 1980. In the united states, consumer electronics and telecommunications applications account for nearly half of all beryllium consumption. Beryllium is a steel gray and hard metal that is brittle at room temperature and has a closepacked hexagonal crystal structure. Beryllium exists as about 50 minerals in nature and over half of those are silicates. Cuw at 66%, 70%, 75%, 80% small moderate very high high 20. This covers alloy m25, brush 1915 alloy and toughmet alloy. Pdf material properties of highstrength berylliumfree copper alloys. Beryllium copper, also known as copper beryllium, beryllium bronze and spring copper, is a copper alloy with 0.
Copper beryllium alloy is commonly used to make bushings, bearings, and springs. By rapidly cooling the metal after the solution heat treatment, using a water quench for example, the supersaturated solution can. The majority of the beryllium commercially produced is used in alloys, principally copperberyllium alloys. Beryllium nickel casting alloys are characterized by their steellike high strength, toughness, and hardness properties. Toxicological equivalence was assumed despite greatly differing physicochemical properties. Beryllium is a naturally occurring element that is extracted from ores and processed into metal, oxides, alloys, and composite materials. Beryllium alloys with metals such as copper, nickel, or aluminum have a high strength and hardness. Beryllium cancercausing substances national cancer institute. Workers can develop adverse health effects from breathing beryllium in dust, mist, fumes, or in other forms, or through skin contact with beryllium particulate, fumes, or solutions.
Monico alloys are specialists in high temperature scrap metal trading and buy and sell beryllium scrap and beryllium alloy scrap. Beryllium metal be granule sheet pellet rod powder. Although the use of beryllium compounds in fluorescent lighting tubes was. French chemist vaueulin niclas louis discovered be when do chemical analyzing of beryl and emerald in 1798. Risks of beryllium disease related to work processes at a. It is a metal, however beryllium and its compounds are all highly toxic. Full text get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. In 1798, the element beryllium was discovered by the french analytical chemist louisnicholas.